Package Summary  Overview Summary

class:DriverManager [CHANGED]



  •                                                 
                                public class DriverManager
    extends java.lang.Object
                            
                                                
    The basic service for managing a set of JDBC drivers.

    NOTE: The DataSource interface, newintheJDBC2.0API,provides another way to connect to a data source. The use of a DataSource object is the preferred means of connecting to a data source.

    As part of its initialization, the DriverManager class will attempt to load thedriverclassesreferencedinthe"availableJDBCdriversbyusing:

    • Thejdbc.drivers"system property .Thisallowswhichcontains a usertocustomizecolonseparatedlistoffullyqualifiedclassnamesofJDBCdrivers.Eachdriverisloadedusing the JDBCDriversusedbytheirapplications.Forexampleinyour~/.hotjava/propertiesfileyoumightspecifysystemclassloader:
      • jdbc.drivers=foo.bah.Driver:wombat.sql.Driver:bad.taste.ourDriver
    • TheDriverManagermethodsgetConnectionandgetDrivershavebeenenhancedtosupporttheJavaStandardEditionService Providermechanism.JDBC4.0DriversmustincludethefileMETA-INF/services/java.sql.Driver.Thisfilecontainsthenameproviders of the JDBCdriversimplementationofjava.sql.Driver.Forexample,toloadthemy.sql.Driver class, thatareloadedvia the META-INF/services/java.sql.service-providerloadingmechanism.

    SeeAlso:
    Driverfilewouldcontain,Connection
    ImplementationNote:
    DriverManagerinitializationisdonelazilyandlooksupserviceprovidersusing the entry:
                                                            my.sql.Driver
                                                        
    Applicationsnolongerneedthreadcontextclassloader.Thedriversloadedandavailable to explicitlyloadJDBCdriversusingClass.forName().ExistingprogramswhichcurrentlyloadJDBCdriversusingClass.forName()anapplication will continuetoworkwithoutmodificationdependonthethreadcontextclassloaderofthethreadthattriggersdriverinitializationbyDriverManager.

    When the method getConnection is called, the DriverManager will attempt to locate a suitable driver from amongst those loaded at initialization and those loaded explicitly using the same classloaderclassloader as the current appletorapplication.

    StartingwiththeJava2SDK,StandardEdition,version1.3,aloggingstreamcanbesetonlyiftheproperpermissionhasbeengranted.NormallythiswillbedonewiththetoolPolicyTool,whichcanbeusedtograntpermissionjava.sql.SQLPermission"setLog".

    SeeAlso:
    Driver,Connection



  •                                                 
                                public class DriverManager
    extends java.lang.Object
                            
                                                

    The basic service for managing a set of JDBC drivers.
    NOTE: The DataSource interface, new in the JDBC 2.0 API, provides another way to connect to a data source. The use of a DataSource object is the preferred means of connecting to a data source.

    As part of its initialization, the DriverManager class will attempt to load the driver classes referenced in the "jdbc.drivers" system property. This allows a user to customize the JDBC Drivers used by their applications. For example in your ~/.hotjava/properties file you might specify:

                                                            jdbc.drivers=foo.bah.Driver:wombat.sql.Driver:bad.taste.ourDriver
                                                        

    The DriverManager methods getConnection and getDrivers have been enhanced to support the Java Standard Edition Service Provider mechanism. JDBC 4.0 Drivers must include the file META-INF/services/java.sql.Driver. This file contains the name of the JDBC drivers implementation of java.sql.Driver. For example, to load the my.sql.Driver class, the META-INF/services/java.sql.Driver file would contain the entry:

                                                            my.sql.Driver
                                                        

    Applications no longer need to explicitly load JDBC drivers using Class.forName(). Existing programs which currently load JDBC drivers using Class.forName() will continue to work without modification.

    When the method getConnection is called, the DriverManager will attempt to locate a suitable driver from amongst those loaded at initialization and those loaded explicitly using the same classloader as the current applet or application.

    Starting with the Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition, version 1.3, a logging stream can be set only if the proper permission has been granted. Normally this will be done with the tool PolicyTool, which can be used to grant permission java.sql.SQLPermission "setLog" .

    See Also:
    Driver, Connection


  •                                                 
                                public class DriverManager
    extends java.lang.Object
                            
                                                
    The basic service for managing a set of JDBC drivers.

    NOTE: The DataSource interface, provides another way to connect to a data source. The use of a DataSource object is the preferred means of connecting to a data source.

    As part of its initialization, the DriverManager class will attempt to load available JDBC drivers by using:

    • The jdbc.drivers system property which contains a colon separated list of fully qualified class names of JDBC drivers. Each driver is loaded using the system class loader:
      • jdbc.drivers=foo.bah.Driver:wombat.sql.Driver:bad.taste.ourDriver
    • Service providers of the java.sql.Driver class, that are loaded via the service-provider loading mechanism.

    See Also:
    Driver, Connection
    Implementation Note:
    DriverManager initialization is done lazily and looks up service providers using the thread context class loader. The drivers loaded and available to an application will depend on the thread context class loader of the thread that triggers driver initialization by DriverManager.

    When the method getConnection is called, the DriverManager will attempt to locate a suitable driver from amongst those loaded at initialization and those loaded explicitly using the same class loader as the current application.

method:getLogWriter() [NONE]

  • getLogWriter

    public static java.io.PrintWriter getLogWriter()
    Retrieves the log writer. The getLogWriter and setLogWriter methods should be used instead of the get/setlogStream methods, which are deprecated.
    Returns:
    a java.io.PrintWriter object
    Since:
    1.2
    See Also:
    setLogWriter(java.io.PrintWriter)

method:setLogWriter(java.io.PrintWriter) [CHANGED]

  • setLogWriter

    public static void setLogWriter(java.io.PrintWriter out)
    Sets the logging/tracing PrintWriter object that is used by the DriverManager and all drivers.

    ThereisaminorversioningproblemcreatedbytheintroductionofthemethodsetLogWriter.ThemethodsetLogWritercannotcreateaPrintStreamobjectthatwillbereturnedbygetLogStream---theJavaplatformdoesnotprovideabackwardconversion.Asaresult,anewapplicationthatusessetLogWriterandalsousesaJDBC1.0driverthatusesgetLogStreamwilllikelynotseedebugginginformationwrittenbythatdriver.

    StartingwiththeJava2SDK,StandardEdition,version1.3release,thismethodcheckstoseethatthereisanSQLPermissionobjectbeforesettingtheloggingstream.If a SecurityManagersecuritymanager exists and, its checkPermission method deniessettingisfirstcalledwithaSQLPermission("setLog")permissiontocheckthat the logwriter,thismethodthrowsajava.lang.SecurityExceptioncallerisallowedtocallsetLogWriter.

    Parameters:
    out - the new logging/tracing PrintStream object; null to disable logging and tracing
    Throws:
    java.lang.SecurityException - if a security manager exists and its checkPermission method denies settingpermissiontoset the log writer.
    Since:
    1.2
    See Also:
    SecurityManager.checkPermission(java.security.Permission), getLogWriter()
  • setLogWriter

    public static void setLogWriter(java.io.PrintWriter out)
    Sets the logging/tracing PrintWriter object that is used by the DriverManager and all drivers.

    There is a minor versioning problem created by the introduction of the method setLogWriter. The method setLogWriter cannot create a PrintStream object that will be returned by getLogStream---the Java platform does not provide a backward conversion. As a result, a new application that uses setLogWriter and also uses a JDBC 1.0 driver that uses getLogStream will likely not see debugging information written by that driver.

    Starting with the Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition, version 1.3 release, this method checks to see that there is an SQLPermission object before setting the logging stream. If a SecurityManager exists and its checkPermission method denies setting the log writer, this method throws a java.lang.SecurityException.

    Parameters:
    out - the new logging/tracing PrintStream object; null to disable logging and tracing
    Throws:
    java.lang.SecurityException - if a security manager exists and its checkPermission method denies setting the log writer
    Since:
    1.2
    See Also:
    SecurityManager.checkPermission(java.security.Permission), getLogWriter()
  • setLogWriter

    public static void setLogWriter(java.io.PrintWriter out)
    Sets the logging/tracing PrintWriter object that is used by the DriverManager and all drivers.

    If a security manager exists, its checkPermission method is first called with a SQLPermission("setLog") permission to check that the caller is allowed to call setLogWriter.

    Parameters:
    out - the new logging/tracing PrintStream object; null to disable logging and tracing
    Throws:
    java.lang.SecurityException - if a security manager exists and its checkPermission method denies permission to set the log writer.
    Since:
    1.2
    See Also:
    SecurityManager.checkPermission(java.security.Permission), getLogWriter()

method:getConnection(java.lang.String, java.util.Properties) [NONE]

  • getConnection

                                                
                                                public static Connection getConnection(java.lang.String url,
                                           java.util.Properties info)
                                    throws SQLException
                                            
    Attempts to establish a connection to the given database URL. The DriverManager attempts to select an appropriate driver from the set of registered JDBC drivers.

    Note: If a property is specified as part of the url and is also specified in the Properties object, it is implementation-defined as to which value will take precedence. For maximum portability, an application should only specify a property once.

    Parameters:
    url - a database url of the form jdbc:subprotocol:subname
    info - a list of arbitrary string tag/value pairs as connection arguments; normally at least a "user" and "password" property should be included
    Returns:
    a Connection to the URL
    Throws:
    SQLException - if a database access error occurs or the url is null
    SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value specified by the setLoginTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least tried to cancel the current database connection attempt

method:getConnection(java.lang.String, java.lang.String, java.lang.String) [NONE]

  • getConnection

                                                
                                                public static Connection getConnection(java.lang.String url,
                                           java.lang.String user,
                                           java.lang.String password)
                                    throws SQLException
                                            
    Attempts to establish a connection to the given database URL. The DriverManager attempts to select an appropriate driver from the set of registered JDBC drivers.

    Note: If the user or password property are also specified as part of the url, it is implementation-defined as to which value will take precedence. For maximum portability, an application should only specify a property once.

    Parameters:
    url - a database url of the form jdbc:subprotocol:subname
    user - the database user on whose behalf the connection is being made
    password - the user's password
    Returns:
    a connection to the URL
    Throws:
    SQLException - if a database access error occurs or the url is null
    SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value specified by the setLoginTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least tried to cancel the current database connection attempt

method:getConnection(java.lang.String) [NONE]

  • getConnection

                                                
                                                public static Connection getConnection(java.lang.String url)
                                    throws SQLException
                                            
    Attempts to establish a connection to the given database URL. The DriverManager attempts to select an appropriate driver from the set of registered JDBC drivers.
    Parameters:
    url - a database url of the form jdbc:subprotocol:subname
    Returns:
    a connection to the URL
    Throws:
    SQLException - if a database access error occurs or the url is null
    SQLTimeoutException - when the driver has determined that the timeout value specified by the setLoginTimeout method has been exceeded and has at least tried to cancel the current database connection attempt

method:getDriver(java.lang.String) [NONE]

  • getDriver

                                                
                                                public static Driver getDriver(java.lang.String url)
                            throws SQLException
                                            
    Attempts to locate a driver that understands the given URL. The DriverManager attempts to select an appropriate driver from the set of registered JDBC drivers.
    Parameters:
    url - a database URL of the form jdbc:subprotocol:subname
    Returns:
    a Driver object representing a driver that can connect to the given URL
    Throws:
    SQLException - if a database access error occurs

method:registerDriver(java.sql.Driver) [NONE]

  • registerDriver

                                                
                                                public static void registerDriver(Driver driver)
                               throws SQLException
                                            
    Registers the given driver with the DriverManager. A newly-loaded driver class should call the method registerDriver to make itself known to the DriverManager. If the driver is currently registered, no action is taken.
    Parameters:
    driver - the new JDBC Driver that is to be registered with the DriverManager
    Throws:
    SQLException - if a database access error occurs
    java.lang.NullPointerException - if driver is null

method:registerDriver(java.sql.Driver, java.sql.DriverAction) [NONE]

  • registerDriver

                                                
                                                public static void registerDriver(Driver driver,
                                      DriverAction da)
                               throws SQLException
                                            
    Registers the given driver with the DriverManager. A newly-loaded driver class should call the method registerDriver to make itself known to the DriverManager. If the driver is currently registered, no action is taken.
    Parameters:
    driver - the new JDBC Driver that is to be registered with the DriverManager
    da - the DriverAction implementation to be used when DriverManager#deregisterDriver is called
    Throws:
    SQLException - if a database access error occurs
    java.lang.NullPointerException - if driver is null
    Since:
    1.8

method:deregisterDriver(java.sql.Driver) [CHANGED]

  • deregisterDriver

                                                
                                                public static void deregisterDriver(Driver driver)
                                 throws SQLException
                                            
    Removes the specified driver from the DriverManager's list of registered drivers.

    If a null value is specified for the driver to be removed, then no action is taken.

    If a security manager exists and, its checkPermissiondeniesmethodisfirstcalledwithaSQLPermission("deregisterDriver") permission ,thentocheckthatthecallerisallowedtoderegister a SecurityExceptionwillbethrownJDBCDriver.

    If the specified driver is not found in the list of registered drivers, then no action is taken. If the driver was found, it will be removed from the list of registered drivers.

    If a DriverAction instance was specified when the JDBC driver was registered, its deregister method will be called prior to the driver being removed from the list of registered drivers.

    Parameters:
    driver - the JDBC Driver to remove
    Throws:
    SQLException - if a database access error occurs
    java.lang.SecurityException - if a security manager exists and its checkPermission method denies permission to deregister a driver.
    See Also:
    SecurityManager.checkPermission(java.security.Permission)
  • deregisterDriver

                                                
                                                public static void deregisterDriver(Driver driver)
                                 throws SQLException
                                            
    Removes the specified driver from the DriverManager's list of registered drivers.

    If a null value is specified for the driver to be removed, then no action is taken.

    If a security manager exists and its checkPermission denies permission, then a SecurityException will be thrown.

    If the specified driver is not found in the list of registered drivers, then no action is taken. If the driver was found, it will be removed from the list of registered drivers.

    If a DriverAction instance was specified when the JDBC driver was registered, its deregister method will be called prior to the driver being removed from the list of registered drivers.

    Parameters:
    driver - the JDBC Driver to remove
    Throws:
    SQLException - if a database access error occurs
    java.lang.SecurityException - if a security manager exists and its checkPermission method denies permission to deregister a driver.
    See Also:
    SecurityManager.checkPermission(java.security.Permission)
  • deregisterDriver

                                                
                                                public static void deregisterDriver(Driver driver)
                                 throws SQLException
                                            
    Removes the specified driver from the DriverManager's list of registered drivers.

    If a null value is specified for the driver to be removed, then no action is taken.

    If a security manager exists, its checkPermission method is first called with a SQLPermission("deregisterDriver") permission to check that the caller is allowed to deregister a JDBC Driver.

    If the specified driver is not found in the list of registered drivers, then no action is taken. If the driver was found, it will be removed from the list of registered drivers.

    If a DriverAction instance was specified when the JDBC driver was registered, its deregister method will be called prior to the driver being removed from the list of registered drivers.

    Parameters:
    driver - the JDBC Driver to remove
    Throws:
    SQLException - if a database access error occurs
    java.lang.SecurityException - if a security manager exists and its checkPermission method denies permission to deregister a driver.
    See Also:
    SecurityManager.checkPermission(java.security.Permission)

method:getDrivers() [CHANGED]

  • getDrivers

                                                
                                                public static java.util.Enumeration<Driver> getDrivers()
                                            
                                            
    Retrieves an Enumeration with all of the currently loaded JDBC drivers to which the current caller has access.

    Note: The classname of a driver can be found using d.getClass().getName()

    Returns:
    the list of JDBC Drivers loaded by the caller's class loader
    SeeAlso:
    drivers()
  • getDrivers

                                                
                                                public static java.util.Enumeration<Driver> getDrivers()
                                            
                                            
    Retrieves an Enumeration with all of the currently loaded JDBC drivers to which the current caller has access.

    Note: The classname of a driver can be found using d.getClass().getName()

    Returns:
    the list of JDBC Drivers loaded by the caller's class loader
  • getDrivers

                                                
                                                public static java.util.Enumeration<Driver> getDrivers()
                                            
                                            
    Retrieves an Enumeration with all of the currently loaded JDBC drivers to which the current caller has access.

    Note: The classname of a driver can be found using d.getClass().getName()

    Returns:
    the list of JDBC Drivers loaded by the caller's class loader
    See Also:
    drivers()

method:drivers() [ADDED]

  • drivers

                                                publicstatic java.util.stream.Stream<Driver> drivers()
                                            
    RetrievesaStreamwithallofthecurrentlyloadedJDBCdriverstowhichthecurrentcallerhasaccess.
    Returns:
    thestreamofJDBCDriversloadedbythecaller'sclassloader
    Since:
    9

method:setLoginTimeout(int) [NONE]

  • setLoginTimeout

    public static void setLoginTimeout(int seconds)
    Sets the maximum time in seconds that a driver will wait while attempting to connect to a database once the driver has been identified.
    Parameters:
    seconds - the login time limit in seconds; zero means there is no limit
    See Also:
    getLoginTimeout()

method:getLoginTimeout() [NONE]

  • getLoginTimeout

    public static int getLoginTimeout()
    Gets the maximum time in seconds that a driver can wait when attempting to log in to a database.
    Returns:
    the driver login time limit in seconds
    See Also:
    setLoginTimeout(int)

method:setLogStream(java.io.PrintStream) [CHANGED]

  • setLogStream

                                                @Deprecated(since="1.2")
    public static void setLogStream(java.io.PrintStream out)
                                            
    Deprecated. Use setLogWriter
    Sets the logging/tracing PrintStream that is used by the DriverManager and all drivers.IntheJava2SDK,StandardEdition,version1.3release,thismethodcheckstoseethatthereisanSQLPermissionobjectbeforesettingtheloggingstream.

    If a SecurityManagersecuritymanager exists and, its checkPermission method deniessettingisfirstcalledwithaSQLPermission("setLog")permissiontocheckthat the logwriter,thismethodthrowsajava.lang.SecurityExceptioncallerisallowedtocallsetLogStream.

    Parameters:
    out - the new logging/tracing PrintStream; to disable, set to null
    Throws:
    java.lang.SecurityException - if a security manager exists and its checkPermission method denies settingpermissiontoset the log stream.
    See Also:
    SecurityManager.checkPermission(java.security.Permission), getLogStream()
  • setLogStream

    @Deprecated
    public static void setLogStream(java.io.PrintStream out)
    Deprecated. Use setLogWriter
    Sets the logging/tracing PrintStream that is used by the DriverManager and all drivers.

    In the Java 2 SDK, Standard Edition, version 1.3 release, this method checks to see that there is an SQLPermission object before setting the logging stream. If a SecurityManager exists and its checkPermission method denies setting the log writer, this method throws a java.lang.SecurityException.

    Parameters:
    out - the new logging/tracing PrintStream; to disable, set to null
    Throws:
    java.lang.SecurityException - if a security manager exists and its checkPermission method denies setting the log stream
    See Also:
    SecurityManager.checkPermission(java.security.Permission), getLogStream()
  • setLogStream

    @Deprecated(since="1.2")
    public static void setLogStream(java.io.PrintStream out)
    Deprecated. Use setLogWriter
    Sets the logging/tracing PrintStream that is used by the DriverManager and all drivers.

    If a security manager exists, its checkPermission method is first called with a SQLPermission("setLog") permission to check that the caller is allowed to call setLogStream.

    Parameters:
    out - the new logging/tracing PrintStream; to disable, set to null
    Throws:
    java.lang.SecurityException - if a security manager exists and its checkPermission method denies permission to set the log stream.
    See Also:
    SecurityManager.checkPermission(java.security.Permission), getLogStream()

method:getLogStream() [CHANGED]

  • getLogStream

                                                @Deprecated(since="1.2")
    public static java.io.PrintStream getLogStream()
                                            
    Deprecated. Use getLogWriter
    Retrieves the logging/tracing PrintStream that is used by the DriverManager and all drivers.
    Returns:
    the logging/tracing PrintStream; if disabled, is null
    See Also:
    setLogStream(java.io.PrintStream)
  • getLogStream

    @Deprecated
    public static java.io.PrintStream getLogStream()
    Deprecated. Use getLogWriter
    Retrieves the logging/tracing PrintStream that is used by the DriverManager and all drivers.
    Returns:
    the logging/tracing PrintStream; if disabled, is null
    See Also:
    setLogStream(java.io.PrintStream)
  • getLogStream

    @Deprecated(since="1.2")
    public static java.io.PrintStream getLogStream()
    Deprecated. Use getLogWriter
    Retrieves the logging/tracing PrintStream that is used by the DriverManager and all drivers.
    Returns:
    the logging/tracing PrintStream; if disabled, is null
    See Also:
    setLogStream(java.io.PrintStream)

method:println(java.lang.String) [NONE]

  • println

    public static void println(java.lang.String message)
    Prints a message to the current JDBC log stream.
    Parameters:
    message - a log or tracing message